思覺失調症影響了個案的精神狀態以及身體健康。研究顯示，相較於久坐不動的健康對照者，罹患思覺失調症的個體的身體活動量更低。活動量的減少可能與負性症狀的嚴重程度相關，並可能導致心肺功能的下降。文獻亦顯示，運動訓練對於思覺失調症個案的體適能以及認知能力有所助益。為了瞭解思覺失調症個案相較於正常個案的體適能狀態以及運動訓練的療效，我們進行了系統性的文獻檢索與整理。我們納入了兩種類型的研究，一種是比較思覺失調症患者和健康人的體適能狀況，另一種是關於思覺失調症個案運動訓練效果的研究。透過兩組關鍵字搜尋到比較族群間體適能狀況差異的研究共 541 篇；運動訓練後效果的研究共 3,869 篇，經過篩選後，共收錄 17 與 31 篇。文獻回顧結果顯示，思覺失調症患者的心肺健康、肌肉力量和耐力以及身體組成較正常人差。運動訓練顯示有益於思覺失調症個案的心肺耐力、症狀嚴重程度和認知。這些結果證實了運動訓練對於思覺失調症的必要性與好處。

Schizophrenia is a disease that impacts persons not only mentally but also physically. Studies have shown that individuals with schizophrenia exhibit lower levels of physical activity compared to sedentary healthy controls. This reduced activity may be associated with the severity of negative symptoms and contribute to diminished cardiopulmonary function. Exercise intervention has been shown to have positive impacts on both physical and mental conditions. The present review aims to compare the fitness status of normal persons and persons with schizophrenia, and identify the effects of exercise for persons with schizophrenia. We conducted a systematic literature search to identify studies of two kinds. Of 541 studies comparing health status differences between populations and 3,869 studies on the effects of exercise training for persons with schizophrenia, 17 and 31 studies were included. Persons with schizophrenia were shown to have worse cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and endurance, and body composition. Exercise intervention has shown to benefit cardiorespiratory endurance, symptom severity, and cognition. These results implicate the benefits of physical training and the necessity of including exercise as part of the care of

persons with schizophrenia.